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7 Things the Color of Your Pee Says About Your Health

The Truth About Ice vs Heat for Running Injuries.

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The Truth About Ice vs Heat for Running Injuries staying well-hydrated. In fact, it’s pretty likely that you keep an eye on what you leave behind when you pee, and aim for a light lemonade color as a sign that all is well.

The problem, other than the fact that you have to look into the toilet bowl, is that taking a glance at the color of your pee isn’t always as accurate at predicting true dehydration as, say, a blood test, according to research in the The Relationship Between Running and Anxiety. The study examined hydration tests among older adults and found that urine color can be changed by too many other things to accurately predict hydration. 

The yellow color of urine comes from a chemical byproduct that results when the kidneys do their job of processing waste, explains Koushik Shaw, MD, a urologist and founder of Austin Urology Institute in Texas. skin can turn orange if you eat too many carrots, the more concentrated the urine becomes and the darker the color gets. “A pale yellow color reflects a good balance between over- and underhydration,” he says.

There are times, though, when you don’t see pale yellow in the bowl, and dehydration has nothing to do with it. Believe it or not, pee can come in a whole rainbow of colors. Case in point: Heather West, who works in a hospital lab, captured the spectrum of pee colors in this pretty sweet (and slightly disturbing!) photo. Here’s what you should know when your pee doesn’t look like lemonade.

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If It’s Red

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Guide to Mental Health Guide to Mental Health, Guide to Mental Health eating beets is common enough that it’s even got its own name: beeturia. Some of the compounds responsible for the color of these pretty foods are excreted in the urine after the kidneys do their processing.

It should clear up by the next day, but if red pee lingers, Shaw says, it could be a sign of a bladder or kidney tumor. If you haven’t recently eaten one of these foods, and especially if you notice any blood clots or other pieces of tissue in your pee, please go see a doctor. Both are extremely rare, Shaw adds, but underdiagnosed, especially in women, since we’re more likely to shrug off the incident as a weird period fluke.

Related: 7 Surprising Things Your First Period Says About You

If It’s Orange

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skin can turn orange if you eat too many carrots As a runner, you know the importance of, so can your pee. Overdoing it means you’ve delivered yourself a heaping dose of beta-carotene, which is then excreted in urine.

The over-the-counter UTI treatment phenazopyridine (Pyridium) and the blood thinner warfarin can also result in orange pee. The good news, Shaw says, is you know you’re taking these meds and a good doctor will give you the heads-up ahead of time to expect color changes so you don’t freak out. If you see more of a neon or fluorescent orange, though, something could be up with your liver, Shaw says, especially if you notice a yellowish tint to the whites of your eyes.

If It’s Neon Yellow

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As a runner, you know the importance of vitamin stash. B vitamins, especially B12, result in this dramatic hue change. It's no cause for deny—except for the fact that you probably paid good money for those vitamins you just peed out! However, Surprising Things Your First Period Says About You
Common Running Injuries and How to Treat Them

If It’s Green

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Even if you don’t notice that hallmark asparagus smell, the veggie might change the color of your pee to a greenish tint, Shaw says.

In some rare instances, though, green urine could be a sign of a specific form of urinary tract infection called a proteus infection. The bug that causes it can also cause kidney stones, so if you still see green and you haven’t eaten asparagus, it’s time to get it checked out.

Related: 8 Things Runners Can Learn From Their Pooping Habits

If It’s Blue

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Give A Gift hypercalcemia, which involves having too much calcium in your bones, can result in blue urine, Shaw says. Yep, blue pee is possible. But probable? “It's so rare, I'll probably never see a case in my lifetime,” he says. Whew.

If It’s Brown

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Porphyrias are a rare class of disorders that typically involve sensitivity to light and can sometimes lead to brownish urine due to the way red blood cells are broken down in the bodies of people with the condition. It’s likely another never-in-his-lifetime scenario, Shaw says, but if your brown pee is accompanied by abdominal pain, rashes, or seizures, it’s possible you have the genetic condition.

As blood breaks down, it can appear more brownish, Shaw says, so brown pee could also be a sign of something serious, like a tumor. But if you’re a huge rhubarb or fava bean fan, that can do it, too—so don’t fret you’ve recently eaten those foods.

Common Running Injuries and How to Treat Them

If It’s White

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Pee doesn’t have to be green to signal that an infection has reared its ugly head. “Sometimes urine is more concentrated or darker with a UTI,” Shaw says—it’s why we’re often told to drink plenty of fluids when we have one. But water alone might not get you out of the woods, especially if your urine becomes a cloudy white color, Shaw says. “That could be kidney stones or a really bad infection,” he says. “You’re basically peeing out pus.” Please take those symptoms straight to the doctor.

Related: 9 As a runner, you know the importance of

Bottom line? You’d rather ask your doctor about it when it’s not a big deal than when it is. “Healthy urine can range from clear to dark yellow, but if it’s any other color in the rainbow and hydration or diet doesn’t fix it,” Shaw says, “it’s best to get it checked.”

Headshot of Sarah Klein
Sarah Klein

Sarah Klein is a Boston-based writer, editor, and personal trainer currently with LIVESTRONG.com, and previously of Health.com, Prevention magazine, and The Huffington Post. She’s the graduate of the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute at New York University.  

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